International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 2 (LEGACY B) RESISTANT REDSTEM
(Ammannia coccinea)

Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)

Japan, Ehime
INTRODUCTION REDSTEM
Redstem (Ammannia coccinea) is a dicot weed in the Lythraceae family.  In Japan this weed first evolved resistance to Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides in 2004 and infests Rice.   Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to bensulfuron-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Dec 28, 2013 )

Common NameRedstem
SpeciesAmmannia coccinea
GroupInhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Herbicidesbensulfuron-methyl
LocationJapan, Ehime
Year2004
Situation(s)Rice
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Satoshi Iwakami, and Akira Uchino 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Redstem biotype with this Redstem biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 2 resistant Redstem have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant Redstem from Japan please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

SATOSHI IWAKAMI
Weed Scientist
University of Tsukuba
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences
1-1-1 Tennoudai
Tsukuba, 305-8577, Ibaraki
Japan
Email Satoshi Iwakami
AKIRA UCHINO
Weed Scientist
NARO Agricultural Research Center
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences
3-1-1 Kannondai
Tsukuba, 305-8666, Ibaraki
Japan
Email Akira Uchino

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Japan have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Satoshi Iwakami, and Akira Uchino for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Redstem Globally
(Ammannia coccinea)
Herbicide Resistant Redstem Globally
(Ammannia coccinea)
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Herbicide Resistant Redstem Globally
(Ammannia coccinea)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 JapanJapan 2004 Rice bensulfuron-methyl 25 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
 		209Ammannia coccineaRedstem7791
2 United States (California) United StatesCalifornia2000 Rice bensulfuron-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
 		209Ammannia coccineaRedstem5135
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