International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
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Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Brazil
Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Brazil
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Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Brazil
#SpeciesCommon NameFirst YearSite of Action
1 Bidens pilosaHairy BeggarticksBrazil 19935 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
42
2 Euphorbia heterophyllaWild PoinsettiaBrazil 19935 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5294
3 Bidens subalternansGreater BeggarticksBrazil 19965 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
1195
4 Urochloa plantaginea (=Brachiaria plantaginea)AlexandergrassBrazil 19975 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
498
5 Sagittaria montevidensisCalifornia ArrowheadBrazil 19995 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
1179
6 Echinochloa crus-pavonisGulf CockspurBrazil 19995 Auxin Mimics (O/4)
1190
7 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassBrazil 19995 Auxin Mimics (O/4)
1191
8 Cyperus difformisSmallflower Umbrella SedgeBrazil 20005 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5118
9 Fimbristylis miliaceaGlobe FringerushBrazil 20015 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5117
10 Raphanus sativusRadishBrazil 20015 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5201
11 Digitaria ciliarisSouthern CrabgrassBrazil 20025 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
5214
12 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorumItalian RyegrassBrazil 20035 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5205
13 Eleusine indicaGoosegrassBrazil 20035 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
5245
14 Euphorbia heterophyllaWild PoinsettiaBrazil 20045 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
5215
15 Parthenium hysterophorusRagweed PartheniumBrazil 20045 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5238
16 Conyza bonariensisHairy FleabaneBrazil 20055 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5264
17 Conyza canadensisHorseweedBrazil 20055 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5273
18 Oryza sativa var. sylvaticaRed RiceBrazil 20065 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5372
19 Bidens subalternansGreater BeggarticksBrazil 20065 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
5382
20 Digitaria insularisSourgrassBrazil 20085 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5350
21 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassBrazil 20095 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Auxin Mimics (O/4)
5484
22 Sagittaria montevidensisCalifornia ArrowheadBrazil 20095 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Histidine 215 Binders (C3/6)
5588
23 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorumItalian RyegrassBrazil 20105 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5546
24 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorumItalian RyegrassBrazil 20105 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5547
25 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20105 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5577
26 Avena fatuaWild OatBrazil 20105 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
5601
27 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20115 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5647
28 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20115 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5648
29 Amaranthus retroflexusRedroot PigweedBrazil 20115 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
5734
30 Amaranthus viridisSlender AmaranthBrazil 20115 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
5735
31 Amaranthus retroflexusRedroot PigweedBrazil 20125 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5733
32 Raphanus raphanistrumWild RadishBrazil 20135 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
7895
33 Ageratum conyzoidesTropical WhiteweedBrazil 20135 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
9947
34 Chloris elataTall Windmill GrassBrazil 20145 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
8918
35 Amaranthus retroflexusRedroot PigweedBrazil 20145 Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
13033
36 Cyperus iriaRice FlatsedgeBrazil 20145 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
13040
37 Amaranthus palmeriPalmer AmaranthBrazil 20155 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
11009
38 Echium plantagineumPatersons CurseBrazil 20155 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
12033
39 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassBrazil 20155 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Cellulose Synthesis (L/26)
15069
40 Eleusine indicaGoosegrassBrazil 20165 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
13039
41 Amaranthus palmeriPalmer AmaranthBrazil 20165 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
13042
42 Digitaria insularisSourgrassBrazil 20165 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
13043
43 Bidens pilosaHairy BeggarticksBrazil 20165 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
14053
44 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorumItalian RyegrassBrazil 20165 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
15057
45 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20165 PS I Electron Diversion (D/22)
16082
46 Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorumItalian RyegrassBrazil 20175 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
15063
47 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20175 Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
17099
48 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20175 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PS I Electron Diversion (D/22)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
17102
49 Eleusine indicaGoosegrassBrazil 20175 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
17112
50 Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneBrazil 20175 Multiple Resistance: 5 Sites of Action
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
PS I Electron Diversion (D/22)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
Auxin Mimics (O/4)
17135
51 Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)Smooth PigweedBrazil 20185 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
18184
52 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassBrazil 20185 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Cellulose Synthesis (L/26)
Auxin Mimics (O/4)
26265
53 Euphorbia heterophyllaWild PoinsettiaBrazil 20195 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
19213
54 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassBrazil 20205 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
19211
55 Digitaria insularisSourgrassBrazil 20205 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
19212
56 Bidens pilosaHairy BeggarticksBrazil 20225 Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
27288
57 Bidens subalternansGreater BeggarticksBrazil 20235 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
26263
58 Sagittaria montevidensisCalifornia ArrowheadBrazil 20235 Auxin Mimics (O/4)
26264
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