International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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Status of Herbicide Resistance in Illinois - Patrick Tranel : January, 2014

Herbicide resistance in common waterhemp is the most prevalent, and includes resistances to triazines, ALS inhibitors, PPO inhibitors, glyphosate, and HPPD inhibitors. Resistance to HPPD inhibitors is still relatively isolated and uncommon in the state, whereas resistances to herbicides from the other four SOAs are common and widespread throughout much of the state. Numerous waterhemp populations (and even individual plants) possess various combinations of multiple resistances; the current worst-case scenario is resistances to herbicides spanning four SOAs within the same plant. The next most commonly encountered HR weed in Illinois is horseweed. In this species, resistances to glyphosate and ALS inhibitors are thought to be common and widespread throughout Illinois. However, unlike the case with waterhemp, our knowledge of the resistance status in horseweed is based more on anecdotal observations and less on empirical data. Maybe of greatest concern is increasing occurrence of Palmer amaranth populations in Illinois, many of which contain resistances to glyphosate and/or ALS inhibitors.

Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Illinois, United States.
#YearSpeciesSite of ActionActivesContacts
1 237Common Lambsquarters1985Chenopodium album
Common Lambsquarters
United States
(Illinois)
IllinoisIL PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) atrazine Patrick Tranel
2 238Kochia1992Kochia scoparia
Kochia
United States
(Illinois)
IllinoisIL PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) atrazine Patrick Tranel
3 236Smooth Pigweed1993Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)
Smooth Pigweed
United States
(Illinois)
IllinoisIL PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) atrazine Patrick Tranel
4 5183Tall Waterhemp1993Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) chlorimuron-ethyl, imazethapyr, thifensulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
5 1126Kochia1995Kochia scoparia
Kochia
United States
(Illinois)
IllinoisIL Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
atrazine, metsulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
6 1127Tall Waterhemp1996Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
IllinoisIL Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
atrazine, flumetsulam, imazethapyr, thifensulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
7 1114Common Ragweed1998Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Common Ragweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr Patrick Tranel
8 1124Giant Ragweed1998Ambrosia trifida
Giant Ragweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr Patrick Tranel
9 7858Common cocklebur1998Xanthium strumarium
Common cocklebur
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) chlorimuron-ethyl, imazethapyr Aaron Hager
10 7859Smooth Pigweed1998Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)
Smooth Pigweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) imazethapyr, primisulfuron-methyl Aaron Hager
11 7863Giant Foxtail1998Setaria faberi
Giant Foxtail
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1) Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1) clethodim, fluazifop-butyl Aaron Hager
12 5184Eastern Black Nightshade1999Solanum ptycanthum
Eastern Black Nightshade
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) imazamox, imazethapyr Dean Riechers, F. William Simmons
13 7860Smooth Pigweed2000Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)
Smooth Pigweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
atrazine, imazethapyr, primisulfuron-methyl Aaron Hager
14 7861Shattercane2000Sorghum bicolor
Shattercane
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) nicosulfuron Aaron Hager
15 5182Tall Waterhemp2001Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) atrazine, cyanazine Patrick Tranel
16 5171Tall Waterhemp2002Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
acifluorfen, atrazine, fomesafen, imazamox, lactofen, thifensulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
17 5276Horseweed2005Conyza canadensis
Horseweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) glyphosate Aaron Hager
18 5311Tall Waterhemp2006Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
chlorimuron-ethyl, glyphosate, imazethapyr Aaron Hager
19 7862Giant Foxtail2007Setaria faberi
Giant Foxtail
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) imazethapyr, nicosulfuron Aaron Hager
20 5491Tall Waterhemp2009Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Hydroxyphenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase (F2/27), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Hydroxyphenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase (F2/27)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
atrazine, chlorimuron-ethyl, imazethapyr, mesotrione, tembotrione, topramezone Aaron Hager
21 7864Tall Waterhemp2009Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9), Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 4 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
atrazine, chlorimuron-ethyl, glyphosate, imazethapyr, lactofen Patrick Tranel
22 5543Palmer Amaranth2010Amaranthus palmeri
Palmer Amaranth
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) glyphosate Aaron Hager
23 7865Horseweed2013Conyza canadensis
Horseweed
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) cloransulam-methyl Aaron Hager
24 7866Palmer Amaranth2013Amaranthus palmeri
Palmer Amaranth
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) imazethapyr, primisulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
25 7867Palmer Amaranth2013Amaranthus palmeri
Palmer Amaranth
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
glyphosate, imazethapyr, primisulfuron-methyl Patrick Tranel
26 13050Palmer Amaranth2016Amaranthus palmeri
Palmer Amaranth
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9), Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14) Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
fomesafen, glyphosate, lactofen Patrick Tranel, Karla Gage, Ronald Krausz
27 14051Tall Waterhemp2016Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Auxin Mimics (O/4), Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2), Inhibition of Hydroxyphenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase (F2/27), Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14), PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5) Multiple Resistance: 5 Sites of Action
Auxin Mimics (O/4)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Inhibition of Hydroxyphenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase (F2/27)
Inhibition of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase (E/14)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
2,4-D, acifluorfen, atrazine, chlorimuron-ethyl, dicamba, fomesafen, imazethapyr, lactofen, mesotrione, tembotrione, topramezone Patrick Tranel, Dean Riechers, Aaron Hager, Adam Davis
28 18152Tall Waterhemp2016Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Very Long-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis inhibitors (K3 N/15) Very Long-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis inhibitors (K3 N/15) acetochlor, dimethenamid, pyroxasulfone, S-metolachlor Dean Riechers, Aaron Hager, Adam Davis, Seth Strom
29 24246Fall Panicum2019Panicum dichotomiflorum
Fall Panicum
United States
(Illinois)
Illinois  Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2) nicosulfuron Patrick Tranel
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Cite this site as: Heap, I.  The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds.  Online.  Internet.  Tuesday, October 8, 2024 .  Available  www.weedscience.org
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