International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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HRAC GROUP 5 (LEGACY C1 C2) RESISTANT WILD MUSTARD
(Sinapis arvensis)


PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)

Canada, Ontario
INTRODUCTION WILD MUSTARD
Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) is a dicot weed in the Brassicaceae family.  In Ontario this weed first evolved resistance to Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides in 1983 and infests Corn (maize).   Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides are known as PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (Inhbition of Photosynthesis at PSll - Serine 264 Binders ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to atrazine and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Dec 28, 2000 )

Common NameWild Mustard
SpeciesSinapis arvensis
GroupPSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
Herbicidesatrazine
LocationCanada, Ontario
Year1983
Situation(s)Corn (maize)
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Hugh Beckie 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Hugh Beckie
Glengarry County, Eastern Ontario

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GENERAL

Hugh Beckie
A. Ali, R. D. McLaren, and V. Souza Machado. 1986. Chloroplastic resistance to triazine herbicides in Sinapis arvensis L. (wild mustard). Weed Res. 26:39-44. Also: G. R. Stephenson, M. D. Dykstra, R. D. McLaren, and A. S. Hamill. Agronomic practices influencing triazine-resistant weed distribution in Ontario. Weed Technol. 4:199-207.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Wild Mustard biotype with this Wild Mustard biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 5 resistant Wild Mustard indicate that the inheritance is determined by a one gene, dominant, cytoplasmic trait.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) resistant Wild Mustard from Ontario indicate that resistance is due to an altered target site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) resistant Wild Mustard from Ontario please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

HUGH BECKIE
Professor of Crop Weed Science...Canadian Expat
University of Western Australia
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative
School of Agriculture and Environment
35 Stirling Highway
Crawley, 6009, Western Australia
Australia
Email Hugh Beckie

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Ontario have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Hugh Beckie for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Wild Mustard Globally
(Sinapis arvensis)
Herbicide Resistant Wild Mustard Globally
(Sinapis arvensis)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Wild Mustard Globally
(Sinapis arvensis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 1996 Wheat chlorsulfuron 1 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard1139
2 Canada (Ontario) CanadaOntario1983 Corn (maize) atrazine 7 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5065
3 Canada (Manitoba) CanadaManitoba1990 Cropland, Spring Barley, and Wheat 2,4-D, dicamba, dichlorprop, MCPA, mecoprop, and picloram 7 Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard55
4 Canada (Manitoba) CanadaManitoba1992 Canola, Cropland, Spring Barley, and Wheat ethametsulfuron-methyl, and metsulfuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard54
5 Canada (Alberta) CanadaAlberta1993 Canola, and Spring Barley ethametsulfuron-methyl, and metsulfuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5036
6 Canada (Manitoba) CanadaManitoba1994 Cropland, Lentils, and Wheat metribuzin 7 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard56
7 Canada (Saskatchewan) CanadaSaskatchewan2002 Canola, and Cereals ethametsulfuron-methyl, imazethapyr, thifensulfuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5243
8 IranIran 2009 Winter wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, metsulfuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, and tribenuron-methyl 79 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5540
9 ItalyItaly 2006 Durum wheat florasulam, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and tribenuron-methyl 24 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5677
10 SpainSpain 2011 Cereals iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and tribenuron-methyl 38 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5591
11 TurkeyTurkey 2001 Wheat chlorsulfuron 71 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5164
12 TurkeyTurkey 2008 Wheat dicamba, propoxycarbazone-Na, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, and tribenuron-methyl 71 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard5405
13 United States (North Dakota) United StatesNorth Dakota1999 Soybean cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr, and thifensulfuron-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
158Sinapis arvensisWild Mustard1193
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