International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 9 (LEGACY G) RESISTANT HARE BARLEY
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)


Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)

Spain, Córdoba, and Andalusia regions
INTRODUCTION HARE BARLEY
Hare Barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Spain this weed first evolved resistance to Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides in 2018 and infests Olive, and Orchards.   Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (Inhibition of EPSP synthase).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to glyphosate and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 22, 2020 )

Common NameHare Barley
SpeciesHordeum murinum ssp. leporinum
GroupInhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
Herbicidesglyphosate
LocationSpain, Córdoba, and Andalusia regions
Year2018
Situation(s)Olive, and Orchards
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Rafael De Prado, Candelario Palma-Bautista, Joel Torra, and José G. Vázquez-García 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Hare Barley biotype with this Hare Barley biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 9 resistant Hare Barley have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Hare Barley from Spain please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

RAFAEL DE PRADO
Universidad De Cordoba
Qvimica Agricola Y Edafologa
E T S Ingenieros Agronomos
PO Box 119
Cordoba, E-14080, Andalusia
Spain
Email Rafael De Prado
CANDELARIO PALMA-BAUTISTA
Investigador Posdoctoral
Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola
Campus Central
Carretera México – Texcoco Km 38.5 Texcoco, México CP 56230
Texcoco, 56230, Estado de México
Mexico
Email Candelario Palma-Bautista
JOEL TORRA
Research Assistant
University Of Lleida
Depart. Hortofructicultura
Botànica I Jardineria
Rovira Roure
191, Etsea, Ed. 1
Lleida, 25198, Estado de México
Spain
Email Joel Torra
JOSÉ G. VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA
Research Assistant
University of Cordoba
Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology
Campus of Rabanales
Cordoba, 14071, Province
Spain
Email José G. Vázquez-García

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Spain have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Rafael De Prado, Candelario Palma-Bautista, Joel Torra, and José G. Vázquez-García for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (Victoria) AustraliaVictoria1988 Alfalfa diquat, and paraquat 1 PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley18
2 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1996 Canola, Pastures, and Winter pulses fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley1143
3 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 2001 Canola clethodim, and haloxyfop-methyl 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley5098
4 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia2001 Alfalfa paraquat 1 PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley5203
5 SpainSpain 2018 Olive, and Orchards glyphosate 38 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley18192
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