International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 22 (LEGACY D) RESISTANT SQUIRRELTAIL FESCUE
(Vulpia bromoides)


PS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)

Australia, Victoria
INTRODUCTION SQUIRRELTAIL FESCUE
Squirreltail Fescue (Vulpia bromoides) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Victoria this weed first evolved resistance to Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides in 1990 and infests Alfalfa.   Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides are known as PS I Electron Diversion (PSI Electron Diversion ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to diquat, and paraquat and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 06, 2000 )

Common NameSquirreltail Fescue
SpeciesVulpia bromoides
GroupPS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
Herbicidesdiquat, and paraquat
LocationAustralia, Victoria
Year1990
Situation(s)Alfalfa
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Christopher Preston 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Christopher Preston
Victoria.

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GENERAL

Christopher Preston
Also resistant to diquat.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Squirreltail Fescue biotype with this Squirreltail Fescue biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 22 resistant Squirreltail Fescue have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 22 (Legacy D) resistant Squirreltail Fescue from Victoria please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

CHRISTOPHER PRESTON
University Of Adelaide - Waite Campus
Crc For Australian Weed Management And School Of Agriculture
Box 2146
Adelaide, 5064, South Australia
Australia
Email Christopher Preston

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Victoria have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Christopher Preston for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Squirreltail Fescue Globally
(Vulpia bromoides)
Herbicide Resistant Squirreltail Fescue Globally
(Vulpia bromoides)
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Herbicide Resistant Squirreltail Fescue Globally
(Vulpia bromoides)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (Victoria) AustraliaVictoria1990 Alfalfa diquat, and paraquat 1 PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
173Vulpia bromoidesSquirreltail Fescue17
2 Australia (Victoria) AustraliaVictoria2009 Pastures simazine 1 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
173Vulpia bromoidesSquirreltail Fescue7841
3 Australia (Western Australia) AustraliaWestern Australia2014 Pastures simazine 1 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
173Vulpia bromoidesSquirreltail Fescue11030
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