International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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HRAC GROUP 9 (LEGACY G) RESISTANT RAGWEED PARTHENIUM
(Parthenium hysterophorus)


Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)

United States, Florida
INTRODUCTION RAGWEED PARTHENIUM
Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) is a dicot weed in the Asteraceae family.  In Florida this weed first evolved resistance to Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides in 2014 and infests Fallow, Industrial sites, Railways, and Roadsides.   Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (Inhibition of EPSP synthase).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to glyphosate and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 9 (Legacy G) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Aug 21, 2015 )

Common NameRagweed Parthenium
SpeciesParthenium hysterophorus
GroupInhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
Herbicidesglyphosate
LocationUnited States, Florida
Year2014
Situation(s)Fallow, Industrial sites, Railways, and Roadsides
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Jose Fernandez, Jason Ferrell, Greg Macdonald, and Dennis "Calvin" Odero 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

GENERAL

Jason Ferrell

Confirmation, Characterization, and Management of Glyphosate-Resistant Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) in the Everglades Agricultural Area of South Florida

Jose V. Fernandez, Dennis C. Odero, Gregory E. MacDonald, Jason Ferrell, and Lyn A. Getty

E-mail: 

Abstract

Growers have observed lack of control of ragweed parthenium with glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha−1 used for weed control in noncrop areas and fallow fields in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) of South Florida. Therefore, studies were conducted to (1) confirm and characterize the level of glyphosate resistance in ragweed parthenium from the EAA, (2) determine if reduced absorption or translocation is the mechanism of resistance of ragweed parthenium to glyphosate, and (3) evaluate the efficacy of POST herbicides commonly used in cultivated and noncrop areas for broadleaf weed control on flowering ragweed parthenium at the full and half labeled rate. A dose-response bioassay was used to determine the response of the rosette ragweed parthenium biotype from the EAA (resistant) and a susceptible biotype from Stoneville, MS, to glyphosate. The bioassay showed that the resistant biotype was 40- to 43-fold less sensitive to glyphosate when compared to the susceptible biotype. There was no significant difference in glyphosate absorption or translocation from the treated leaf to the rest of the plant 168 h after treatment between resistant and susceptible biotypes. This shows that absorption or translocation is not a mechanism of glyphosate resistance by ragweed parthenium. Saflufenacil + dimethenamid-P and hexazinone provided rapid and complete control of flowering ragweed parthenium 3 wk after treatment (WAT). Aminocyclopyrachlor + chlorsulfuron and aminopyralid at the full and the half label rates provided 100% control of ragweed parthenium by 9 WAT. Clopyralid, 2,4-D amine, and glufosinate at the full label rate provided 89 to 98% control of ragweed parthenium 9 WAT. Control of ragweed parthenium 9 WAT was < 75% with flumioxazin, fomesafen, glyphosate, imazapic, imazethapyr, mesotrione, oxyfluorfen, and paraquat, irrespective of use rate.

 

Weed Technology 29(2):233-242. 2015 
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-14-00113.1

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, and Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Ragweed Parthenium biotype with this Ragweed Parthenium biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 9 resistant Ragweed Parthenium have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 9 (Legacy G) resistant Ragweed Parthenium from Florida please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

JOSE FERNANDEZ
Graduate Research Assistant
University of Florida
Agronomy Department
3105 McCarty Hall B
Gainesville, 32611, Florida
United States
Email Jose Fernandez
JASON FERRELL
Asst. Professor
University Of Florida
Agronomy
258 Museum Rd
Gainesville, 32611, Florida
United States
Email Jason Ferrell
Web   : Web Site Link
GREG MACDONALD
Associate Professor
University Of Florida
Agronomy Deptartment
3105 McCarty Hall B
Gainsville, 32611-0500, Florida
United States
Email Greg Macdonald
Web   : Web Site Link
DENNIS "CALVIN" ODERO
Assistant Professor
University of Florida
Agronomy
3200 E Palm Beach Rd
Belle Glade, 33430-4720, Florida
United States
Email Dennis "Calvin" Odero
Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Florida have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Jose Fernandez, Jason Ferrell, Greg Macdonald, and Dennis "Calvin" Odero for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Ragweed Parthenium Globally
(Parthenium hysterophorus)
Herbicide Resistant Ragweed Parthenium Globally
(Parthenium hysterophorus)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Ragweed Parthenium Globally
(Parthenium hysterophorus)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 BrazilBrazil 2004 Soybean chlorimuron-ethyl, cloransulam-methyl, foramsulfuron, imazethapyr, and iodosulfuron-methyl-Na 5 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
124Parthenium hysterophorusRagweed Parthenium5238
2 ColombiaColombia 2004 Fruit glyphosate 10 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
124Parthenium hysterophorusRagweed Parthenium5380
3 MexicoMexico 2017 Oranges glyphosate 29 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
124Parthenium hysterophorusRagweed Parthenium18196
4 United States (Florida) United StatesFlorida2014 Fallow, Industrial sites, Railways, and Roadsides glyphosate 45 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
124Parthenium hysterophorusRagweed Parthenium11003
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