Herbicide Resistant Weeds

GROUP C1/5 RESISTANT LATE FLOWERING GOOSEFOOT (Chenopodium strictum var. glaucophyllum)
Canada: Ontario

Saturday, July 31, 2010

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Late Flowering Goosefoot

1.	Introduction
2.	Level of Infestation
3.	Quick Statistics
4.	Notes about this biotype
5.	Academic Aspects
6.	R Late Flowering Goosefoot Globally
7.	Fact Sheets and Literature
8.	Contributing Weed Scientists
9.	Acknowledgements
10.	Where to now?

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Introduction

Level of Infestation

Late Flowering Goosefoot (Chenopodium strictum var. glaucophyllum) is a dicot weed in the Chenopodiaceae family. In Ontario this weed first evolved resistance to Group C1/5 herbicides in 1976 and infests corn, and cropland. Group C1/5 herbicides are known as Photosystem II inhibitors (Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to atrazine and they may be cross-resistant to other Group C1/5 herbicides.

Local weed scientists estimate that Group C1/5 resistant Late Flowering Goosefoot in Ontario infests 51-100 sites and the number of sites have stabilized. They also estimate that there are 1001-10000 acres infested with Group C1/5 resistant Late Flowering Goosefoot and the area infested has stabilized.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their mode of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS ( last updated Dec 28, 2000 )
Common Name	Late Flowering Goosefoot
Species	Chenopodium strictum var. glaucophyllum
Group	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
Herbicides	atrazine
Location	Canada, Ontario
Year	1976
Situation(s)	corn, and cropland
Sites	51-100
Acres Infested	1001-10000
Contributors	Clarence Swanton
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Clarence Swanton

Brant county

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GENERAL

Hugh Beckie

S. I. Warwick, V. Souza Machado, P. B. Marriage, and J. D. Bandeen. 1979. Resistance of Chenopodium strictum Roth (Late-Flowering Goosefoot) to atrazine. Can. J. Plant Sci. 59:269-270. Also: S. I. Warwick and L. Black. 1981. The relative competitiveness of atrazine susceptible and resistant populations of Chenopodium album and C. strictum. Can. J. Bot. 59:689-693.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Late Flowering Goosefoot biotype with this Late Flowering Goosefoot biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

The genetic basis of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the genetic inheritance of this biotype please update the database.

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

Triazine resistant weeds often exhibit a lower relative fitness when compared to susceptible biotypes. The most common mutation conferring triazine resistance (Ser 264 to Gly mutation of the psbA gene) also causes a reduction in CO₂ fixation, quantum yield, and seed and biomass production. There is no record in this database referring specifically to fitness studies on Group C1/5 resistant Late Flowering Goosefoot from Ontario.

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HERBICIDE RESISTANT LATE FLOWERING GOOSEFOOT GLOBALLY
#	Country	Year	Sites	Acres	Mode of Action
1.	Canada (Ontario)	1976	51-100	1001-10000	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
2.	Czech Republic	1989	51-100	501-1000	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
3.	USA (Michigan)	2004	1	101-500	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)

FACT SHEETS AND OTHER LITERATURE	Format
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Scientific Abstracts on Herbicide Resistant Chenopodium strictum
Difference in herbicide resistance to various taxonomic populations of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and late-flowering goosefoot (Chenopodium strictum) in Hungary.
Solymosi, P., E. Lehoczki, and G. Laskay. 1986. Difference in herbicide resistance to various taxonomic populations of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and late-flowering goosefoot (Chenopodium strictum) in Hungary. Weed Science. 34: 175-180.
Atrazine metabolism in resistant and susceptible biotypes of Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium strictum Roth., and Amaranthus powellii S. Wats.
Khan, S. U., S. I. Warwick, and P. B. Marriage. 1985. Atrazine metabolism in resistant and susceptible biotypes of Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium strictum Roth., and Amaranthus powellii S. Wats. Weed Research. 25: 33-37.

CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

CLARENCE SWANTON	Edit
University of Guelph Dept. of Crop Science Ontario Agricultural College Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON Canada Email Clarence Swanton

Acknowledgements

Where to now?

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, the Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Ontario have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Clarence Swanton for providing detailed information.

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