Herbicide Resistant Weeds

GROUP B/2 RESISTANT INDIAN HEDGE MUSTARD (Sisymbrium orientale)
Australia: Western Australia

Saturday, July 31, 2010

What's on this page

Indian Hedge Mustard

1.	Introduction
2.	Level of Infestation
3.	Quick Statistics
4.	Notes about this biotype
5.	Academic Aspects
6.	R Indian Hedge Mustard Globally
7.	Fact Sheets and Literature
8.	Contributing Weed Scientists
9.	Acknowledgements
10.	Where to now?

If we do not have a picture for this weed, or you can provide a better picture (scan, digital camera etc) please please e-mail it to us.

Introduction

Level of Infestation

Indian Hedge Mustard (Sisymbrium orientale) is a dicot weed in the Brassicaceae family. In Western Australia this weed first evolved resistance to Group B/2 herbicides in 1994 and infests barley, cereals, and wheat. Group B/2 herbicides are known as ALS inhibitors (Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS (acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS)). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to chlorsulfuron, and metosulam and they may be cross-resistant to other Group B/2 herbicides.

Local weed scientists estimate that Group B/2 resistant Indian Hedge Mustard in Western Australia infests 51-100 sites and the number of sites are increasing. They also estimate that there are 501-1000 acres infested with Group B/2 resistant Indian Hedge Mustard and the area infested is increasing.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their mode of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS ( last updated Nov 14, 2005 )
Common Name	Indian Hedge Mustard
Species	Sisymbrium orientale
Group	ALS inhibitors (B/2)
Herbicides	chlorsulfuron, and metosulam
Location	Australia, Western Australia
Year	1994
Situation(s)	barley, cereals, and wheat
Sites	51-100
Acres Infested	501-1000
Contributors	David Bowran, Abul Hashem, Jim Phimster, and Christopher Preston
Input Data	Edit this Case \| Add New Case of Resistance \| Add Note

NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

CONTROL STRATEGIES

Christopher Preston

Resistant to sulfonylureas and metosulam. Can use the phenoxy herbicides, thus the cost is not more to control this species. Resistance was confirmed to SU and triazole pyrimidine herbicides in a glasshouse expt.

Edit this Note | Add New Note

GENERAL

Abul Hashem

ALS inhibitor resistant Indian Hedge Mustard is becoming a major problem in Western Australia.

Edit this Note | Add New Note

ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Indian Hedge Mustard biotype with this Indian Hedge Mustard biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

The genetic basis of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the genetic inheritance of this biotype please update the database.

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes. If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group B/2 resistant Indian Hedge Mustard from Western Australia please update the database.

Edit Case | Add Note | Add Article | Add New Case | Help

HERBICIDE RESISTANT INDIAN HEDGE MUSTARD GLOBALLY
#	Country	Year	Sites	Acres	Mode of Action
1.	Australia (South Australia)	1990	101-500	1001-10000	ALS inhibitors (B/2)
2.	Australia (Queensland)	1993	2-5	101-500	ALS inhibitors (B/2)
3.	Australia (Western Australia)	1994	51-100	501-1000	ALS inhibitors (B/2)
4.	Australia (New South Wales )	1994	11-50	101-500	ALS inhibitors (B/2)
5.	Australia (South Australia) Multiple Resistance	2005	6-10	51-100	ALS inhibitors (B/2) Synthetic Auxins (O/4)

FACT SHEETS AND OTHER LITERATURE	Format
At Present there are no articles on this case of resistance. Please help by adding an article.
Add New Article

Scientific Abstracts on Herbicide Resistant Sisymbrium orientale
Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii .
Boutsalis, P.; Karotam, J.; Powles, S. B. 1999. Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii . Pesticide Science. 55: 507-516.
Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii.
Boutsalis, P., J. Karotam, and S. Powles B. 1999. Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in Sisymbrium orientale and Brassica tournefortii. Pesticide Science. 55: 507-516.
Weed management in south western Australian farming systems.
Bowran, D. G. 1998. Weed management in south western Australian farming systems. Comptes-rendus 6eme symposium mediterraneen EWRS, Montpellier, France, 13-15 mai 1998. : 273-280.
Weeds resistant to chlorsulfuron and atrazine from the north-east grain region of Australia.
Adkins, S. W., D. Wills, M. Boersma, S. R. Walker, G. Robinson, R. J. McLeod, and J. P. Einam. 1997. Weeds resistant to chlorsulfuron and atrazine from the north-east grain region of Australia. Weed Research. 37: 343-349.
Resistance of dicot weeds to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in Australia.
Boutsalis, P. and S. B. Powles. 1995. Resistance of dicot weeds to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in Australia. Weed Research. 35: 149-155.

CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

DAVID BOWRAN	Edit
Research Officer Agriculture WA Northam, WA Australia Email David Bowran

ABUL HASHEM	Edit
Agriculture Western Australia Centre for Cropping Systems P.O. Box 483 Northam, 6401, WA Australia Email Abul Hashem

JIM PHIMSTER	Edit
Unit 1B, Hannaway Welshpool, WA Australia

CHRISTOPHER PRESTON	Edit
University of Adelaide - Waite Campus CRC for Australian Weed Management and School of Agriculture PMB 1 Glen Osmond Adelaide, 5064, South Australia Australia Email Christopher Preston

Acknowledgements

Where to now?

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, the Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Western Australia have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to David Bowran, Abul Hashem, Jim Phimster, and Christopher Preston for providing detailed information.

1.	Resistant Weeds Globally
2.	Resistant Weeds in the USA
3.	Herbicides
4.	Weed Researchers
5.	Comment on this site
6.	Search this site